Rotbold II (also Rothbold, Rotbald, Rodbald, Robald(us), Roubaud, or Rotbaud) (died 1008) was the Count of Provence from 968 to his death and margrave from 993. He was the elder of two sons of Boso II of Arles and Constance, the younger being William I, who took up the title of marchio in 979 and that of dux later. He ruled with William, probably jointly over the whole county. On William's death, Rotbold was left as head of the family with the title of marchio.
He first signed a charter of his father's in March 965. He signed his brother's donation to Saint-Victor de Marseille in April 970 and to Cluny on 28 August 990. In 1005, he joined with his sister-in-law Adelaide of Anjou and his nephew William II to grant privilegse to Saint-Victor.
He married Emilde, possibly a daughter of Stephen, Viscount of Gévaudan. He left one son, Rotbold III, who inherited his titles, and a daughter, Gerberge.